Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Ph.D. in Architecture, Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Yasuj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasuj, Iran.
2 Associate Prof. of Architecture, Faculty Member of Department of Architecture, Yasouj Uni., Yasouj, Iran
3 Associate Prof., Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Yasouj Branch, Islamic Azad Uni., Yasouj, Iran.
Abstract
Due to the increasing trend of urbanization in modern life, air pollution, especially pollution caused by urban traffic, is increasing sharply. This process has a great impact on reducing the air quality inside the buildings and as a result reducing the physical and mental comfort and peace of people. In this connection, it seems that the form of buildings can have a significant effect on the amount and pattern of pollutants entering their internal spaces. Accordingly, in this research, the influence of the form of buildings in an urban context on the change of the air flow pattern and the amount of pollutant concentration entering the buildings is investigated. For this purpose, 3 common forms of short-story buildings in Shiraz city were extracted as investigated patterns and placed in a regular urban point structure in four rotation modes. In this way, 12 case samples were extracted and all of them were placed in the vicinity of an urban highway (as a source of pollutant production) and were simulated using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). In this research, two parameters of air speed and NO2 pollutant concentration were used to measure air quality. Steady 3-dimensional flow was used to simulate the samples using the SST-Kω turbulence model, which was numerically solved based on the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations. The CFD software used in this research has been validated in comparison with wind tunnel tests and has yielded acceptable results. The results showed that the building form has a significant effect on the air quality inside the building. Also, based on the results of the TOPSIS multi-criteria decision making method, the best and the worst building form pattern in order to increase the air speed and reduce the amount of pollutants inside the building are related to the stepped form and the L-shaped form, respectively.
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