Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Ph.D. of Architecture, faculty of Architecture and Urban Design in Science and Technology Uni. Tehran. Iran.
2 Associated Prof. of Architecture, faculty of Architecture and Urban Design in Science and Technology Uni. Tehran. Iran.
3 Prof. of Architecture, faculty of Architecture and Urban Design in Science and Technology Uni. Tehran. Iran.
Abstract
Abstract:
Non-visual lighting is a subject that has its roots in medical studies, and in recent years the importance of benefiting from it in the international field of architecture is prominent and growing. But the preliminary studies show little knowledge of this subject in the country's architecture studies. This research purpose is to explain the factors of non-visual lighting and the applications of some of them in architecture.
This research first identified the effective design factors on non-visual lighting with a library study and a content review on the subject's background and the existing theoretical foundations, and then among these factors, investigated the effect of the color of the interior surfaces in the classroom model with simulation by ALFA software (a Rhino plugin for non-visual lighting analysis). Also, in this research, the view direction and the distance from the window were evaluated in a field experiment in a classroom by measuring with a spectrometer. In the end, the effect of these factors was measured by some non-visual illuminance indices such as melanopic equivalent illuminance (EML), melanopic equivalent daylight (D65) illuminance (M-EDI), and circadian stimulus (CS).
A content review of the theoretical foundations shows that the parameters of the spectrum, intensity, timing, duration, direction, and the history of light for being effective in non-visual lighting are very different from those of known visual lighting. Among these factors, the investigation of the color of the surfaces, the direction of view, and the observer's distance from the window shows that the yellow and green colors, despite producing the necessary visual illuminance for 100% of the studied points in the space, are ineffective in generating sufficient some non-visual illuminance indicators for the entire space (provide standard EML for 90% and 81% of the space by green and yellow colors). The blue color also provides necessary visual illuminance and EML for approximately 72% and 96% of the studied points in the space, respectively, which has the lowest performance in creating sufficient visual illuminance. But, in providing EML in the selected studied points compared to green and yellow colors has better performance. White color is the most appropriate choice by providing 100% visual and non-visual lighting. Also, there is a significant difference in the amount of vertical non-visual illuminance received by the observer in the view direction towards the window compared to the view direction towards the board. The direction of the view facing the window and close to the window receive more non-visual effects of light. In the case of using south windows, it is necessary to take into account glare considerations. Overall, the obtained results show the importance of the investigated factors in the amount of non-visual effects of light.
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