نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد معماری و انرژی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران، ایران.

2 استاد گروه ساختمان، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

3 استادیار گروه مهندسی معماری، دانشکده مهندسی عمران و معماری، دانشگاه ملایر

10.22061/jsaud.2026.12167.2324

چکیده

هدف: رشد فزاینده شهرنشینی و پیامدهای آن نظیر تغییرات اقلیمی و تشدید جزایر حرارتی، اهمیت اقلیم‌شناسی شهری را افزایش داده است. این امر بر ضرورت طراحی شهرهای تاب‌آور و روشن ساختن تعاملات پیچیده بین اقلیم خرد، محیط کالبدی شهر و شرایط آسایش حرارتی در فضاهای مسکونی شهری تأکید می‌کند. با توجه به کمبود مطالعات آسایش حرارتی در اقلیم‌های سرد، این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی بهینه‌ترین فرم ساختاری شهری در این گونه اقلیم‌ها انجام شد.

روش تحقیق: در این تحقیق، پیکربندی‌های ارگانیک بافت بومی شهر همدان به عنوان مبنایی برای ارزیابی آسایش حرارتی در فضای باز به کار گرفته شد. سپس، پنج آلترناتیو مورفولوژی شهری (شامل بلوک‌بندی خطی دو طبقه، خطی پنج طبقه، خطی پیوسته متغیر، خطی گسسته متغیر و پیرامونی متغیر) با این بافت ارگانیک مقایسه شدند. این مقایسه‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار ENVI-met و با هدف بررسی تأثیر مورفولوژی شهری بر دمای معادل فیزیولوژیکی (PET) در فصول زمستان و تابستان انجام گرفت. علاوه بر این، تأثیر سرعت باد و سایه‌اندازی بر PET در شش ناحیه از هر آلترناتیو مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.

نتایج و بحث: تحلیل داده‌ها نشان داد که چیدمان مورفولوژی شهری بر PET در فصول تابستان و زمستان مؤثر است. همچنین، تأثیر سرعت باد و سایه‌اندازی بر PET با توجه به جهت‌گیری نواحی مختلف، متفاوت بود.

نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان داد که در فصل زمستان، بافت ارگانیک کبابیان و در میان آلترناتیوهای پیشنهادی، بلوک‌بندی پیرامونی متغیر، بالاترین مقدار شاخص PET را نشان دادند. در مقابل، در فصل تابستان، بلوک‌بندی خطی پنج‌طبقه با ثبت پایین‌ترین مقدار شاخص PET، مطلوب‌ترین شرایط آسایش حرارتی را فراهم کرد. همچنین، یافته‌های تفصیلی نشان داد که در فصل زمستان، کوچه‌های با جهت‌گیری شمال شرقی–جنوب‌ غربی(زاویه 65 درجه نسبت به راستای شمالی) پایین‌ترین مقدار شاخص PET را داشتند، در حالی که در فصل تابستان، حیاط‌های با جهت‌گیری شمال‌شرقی–جنوب‌غربی (زاویه 30 درجه نسبت به راستای شمالی) در تمامی آلترناتیوها بالاترین مقدار شاخص PET را نشان دادند.

چکیده تصویری

ارزیابی تأثیر مورفولوژی شهری بر آسایش حرارتی فضاهای باز (نمونه موردی: محله کبابیان شهر همدان)

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the impact of urban morphology on the thermal comfort of open spaces (Case study: Kebabian neighborhood in Hamadan city)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Pariya Faraji 1
  • Mansoureh tahbaz 2
  • Seyedeh Faezeh Etemad Sheykhaleslami 3

1 M.Sc. in Energy Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti Uni., Tehran. Iran.

2 professor. Department of Building, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran

چکیده [English]

The rapid growth of urbanization, alongside challenges such as climate change and the intensification of urban heat islands, has significantly increased the focus on urban climatology. As a result, there is a growing need to design resilient cities that can mitigate the effects of climate change while also clarifying how microclimates, the urban physical environment, and thermal comfort conditions interact in urban residential areas. Given the limited research on cold climates in previous studies of thermal comfort, this research aims to identify the most effective urban design within cold climates. In this study, we evaluated outdoor thermal comfort in the organically configured urban fabric of Hamadan city. This fabric was used as a baseline for assessing the thermal comfort performance of five different urban morphology alternatives: a two-story linear block, a five-story linear block, a variable continuous linear block, a variable discontinuous linear block, and a variable perimeter block. These alternatives were compared using ENVI-met software to analyze how urban morphology affects physiological equivalent temperature (PET) during both winter and summer seasons. In the winter assessment, Kababian's organic fabric exhibited the highest PET. Among the alternatives, the variable perimeter block also recorded a higher PET. In contrast, during the summer season, the five-story linear block showed better thermal comfort performance than the other alternatives. Additionally, we analyzed the impact of wind speed and shading on PET across six different areas within each alternative. Courtyards with a northeast-southwest orientation recorded the highest PET, while alleys with the same orientation had the lowest PET among the areas investigated.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • hermal comfort
  • Urban open space
  • Urban morphology
  • Physiological equivalent temperature (PET)
  • ENVI-met
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