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ارزیابی کاربست دانش بیومیمیکری در آموزش طراحی معماری با روش قیاس از طبیعت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری معماری، واحد دامغان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دامغان، ایران.

2 استادیار معماری، واحد مهدی شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، مهدی شهر، ایران

3 استادیار معماری، واحد دامغان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دامغان، ایران.

4 استادیار معماری، واحد بابل، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بابل، ایران.

10.22061/jsaud.2021.7748.1859

چکیده

بیومیمیکری (شامل «بیو» به‌معنای «زندگی» و «میمِسیس» به معنای «تقلید») حوزه جدیدی است که به مطالعه بهترین ایده‌های طبیعت و تقلید از این طرح‌ها و فرآیندها به حل مشکلات انسان می‌‌پردازد. رویکردی که نسبت به فرآیندهای طراحی داریم این است که طراحان به طبیعت نگاه می‌کنند (به خصوص به ارگانیسم‌ها یا اکوسیستم‌ها) تا یک نیاز خاص انسانی را حل کنند. همچنین طبیعت در تمام علوم بالاخص معماری، به عنوان راهنما و الگو استفاده می‌شود. بیومیمیکری (تقلید از طبیعت) علمی است که فرآیند الگوبرداری از طبیعت در مساله گشایی طراحی در حوزه‌های فرم، فناوری، مصالح و تکنولوژی ارزیابی شده است؛ و می‌تواند به عنوان تقلید از سیستم حیات در طبیعت بیان شده و به ارائه راهکارهای نوین در طراحی معماری و ساختمان بپردازد. هدف پژوهش تبیین مفهوم «بیومیمیکری و طراحی» و ماهیت آن رابطه با «آموزش طراحی معماری» است. ماهیت این تحقیق کیفی و روش آن در مرتبه نظری، روش توصیفی- تحلیلی و در مرتبه تحلیلی روش طوفان فکری و در مرتبه طراحی دانشجویان قیاسی و روش مشارکتی در مرحله آموزش بوده است. جامعه آماری دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی و حجم نمونه جامعه 100 نفری بوده که در بازه زمانی 6 ماه در برنامه آموزشی در دو گروهآزمایش و گروه کنترل شرکت داشته‌اند که برای رضایت از دوره، انگیزه‌سازی و پیشرفت در خلاقیت با آزمون اسمیرنوف وکوواریانس و آزمون تی استودنت ارزیابی شده اند. در پایان دوره زمانی آموزش که طی آن بیومیمیکری برای ایده‌پردازی طراحی به‌کار گرفته شد، یک مطالعه از رابطه بین بیومیمیکری و طراحی انجام گردید که نتایج آن دوره فشرده و رویه آموزشی بیان شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Understanding the applicability of biomimicry knowledge in architectural design training with a deductive approach of nature

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zohre Farshi Haghi 1
  • Hadi Mahmoudnejad 2
  • Gholamhoseein Naseri 3
  • M. Dadashi 4

1 PhD Candidate, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran.

2 Assistant Prof. of Architecture, Mahdishahr Branch, Islamic Azad Uni., Mahdishahr, Iran.

3 Assistant Prof. of Architecture, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad Uni., Damghan, Iran.

4 Assistant Prof., of Architecture, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad Uni., Babol, Iran.

چکیده [English]

including bio, meaning life and MIMESIS means a new field that studies the best ideas of nature and imitation of these patterns and processes in solving human problems. The approach to the design processes is that designers look at nature (especially in the organisms or ecosystems) to solve a specific human need. It is also used in all sciences in particular architecture, as guidelines. Biomimicry is a science that has been evaluated from nature in design processes in form, technology, materials, and technology. This field can be expressed as the imitation of the system of life in nature and provides novel solutions in architectural design and architecture. The aim of this study is to explain the concept of biomimicry and design and its nature is related to architectural design training. The nature of this qualitative research and its method in order of theoretical foundations is descriptive - analytical method. The statistical population of the students of free Islamic university and sample size of 100 are 100 people who have been in the training program for six months and have been tested for satisfaction of the period, motivation and progress in creativity with kolmogorov smirnov test and T test. At the end of the training period during which biomimicry was applied to generate design ideas, a study of the relationship between design and design was done, the results of that intensive period and training procedure have been stated.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • architectural design training
  • comparative design
  • biomimicry
  • deductive approach of nature
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معماری و شهرسازی پایدار
دوره 9، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2
پاییز و زمستان 1400
آبان 1400
صفحه 112-97
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هم رسانی
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